Which maternal condition is associated with infants being LGA?

Maternal obesity is associated with larger-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants due to a combination of factors related to excess maternal body weight and metabolic disturbances. When a mother is obese, she often has altered metabolism, which can lead to increased insulin levels and insulin resistance. These metabolic changes can promote greater fetal growth and heavier birth weight.

Additionally, obesity is frequently linked to other conditions such as gestational diabetes, which further contributes to the risk of having an LGA infant. The excess nutrients available to the fetus in an obese mother can result in a larger body size at birth, as the infant draws from these increased energy stores.

The other conditions mentioned, such as renal disease, hypertension, and chronic diabetes, can influence fetal growth and development, but they do not have as direct a correlation with LGA as maternal obesity does. For instance, while chronic diabetes can lead to LGA through mechanisms related to elevated glucose levels affecting fetal growth, maternal obesity's widespread physiological impacts are more broadly recognized as a primary risk factor for LGA infants.